Posts from Academy of Sciences of Heroesland Auto-translated

Added to favorites, I've always dreamed of a cartoon on an oscilloscope, and this exceeds all expectations, it's true art, very beautiful!

Actually, it's simpler than it seems, because the original was already chosen correctly. And the oscilloscope is digital. But kudos to those who implemented the idea!

Original:

Ah, that changes things a bit; I thought everything was being created from scratch. Although, in any case, it was done well.

Nonsense and Photoshop.

- Give me the bag. - No, I won't. - Come on, give it. - No, I won't. - What's wrong with you, aren't you human? - Fine, here, take it.

A group of Japanese researchers has successfully created a miniature liver from human stem cells. Pluripotent cells were transformed into a 4-millimeter diameter disc, which proved its functionality after being transplanted into the body of a laboratory mouse with a malfunctioning liver. The details of the study are published in the journal Nature, and Nature News provided a brief overview.

The researchers used induced pluripotent stem cells, meaning stem cells obtained by reprogramming mature cells from an adult human. They then managed to transform them into both hepatocytes and cells of blood vessels and connective tissue, resulting in a three-dimensional structure. Histological analysis revealed the presence of all the necessary elements for a liver.

The transplantation of the miniature, approximately four-millimeter diameter discs, grown in a laboratory, into laboratory mice demonstrated the functionality of the artificial liver. Two days after the operation, the animal's blood vessels connected with the liver's vessels, and the cells continued to divide, causing the organ to continue growing. The liver is known for its high regenerative capacity, so patients who require a new liver are often transplanted with a small part of the organ taken from a living donor.

It is still too early to talk about the imminent introduction of liver transplants from stem cells into clinical practice. The researchers intend to first observe the behavior of the artificial liver in the mouse's body to ensure its safety and stability. Some previous scientific studies have shown that induced stem cells more often transform into tumor cells, so it is first necessary to ensure that the new liver can limit its growth and maintain the required functions.

Although liver transplants are well-established and patients can return to active life after them, they cannot be considered a routine and readily available procedure: immunological limitations make it difficult to find a donor. To solve the problem of organ shortage, scientists are currently working in several directions: some groups are trying to assemble a liver from ready-made cell cultures (such a liver has already been printed on a 3D printer), while others are trying to repeat the process of forming an organ from stem cells from scratch.

In Russia, artificial liver will be a hit.

An additional set of artificial lungs wouldn’t hurt, either.

Artificial lungs would also be a good addition.

Yeah, and a brain, a heart... isn't that a bit much?:D

Light cigarettes are for those who smoke a lot. The brain and heart are a different matter.

It is even possible to print a human being on a 3D printer.

A bioprinter, right? I read about it.

Added 2 minutes later
By the way, guys, what do you know about quantum computers?

The idea is that there is some substance (I won't lie, I don't know exactly what) in a certain phase. I'm talking specifically about the substance, not about particles, as is commonly understood; this is just my personal interpretation, I haven't read it anywhere. But it's logical to assume that a full-fledged quantum computer cannot operate on a small set of free particles. The particles must be connected to something; the simplest way is if they are electrons in a substance (a semiconductor is ideal). The particles must be in some intermediate quantum state: neither here nor there (well, between the valence band and the conduction band for semiconductors, that is, in the forbidden band). But due to quantum effects, this is not entirely possible, only until a measurement is made. When a measurement is made, the particle will be in a specific state, not an intermediate one. However, in advance, it is unknown in which of the two states it will be when measured; there is a probability for both. If we have many particles in an intermediate state, then the ordinary theory of probability will describe what state they will be in when measured: some of them in one, some in the other. And we are interested in how many particles will be in one state and how many in the other; based on this, we can determine what intermediate state they were in. And with intermediate states, we can perform arithmetic operations, such as addition. That's how I see it.
Haha, the description in the wiki was amusing:

A quantum computer is a computing device that operates on the basis of quantum mechanics. A quantum computer is fundamentally different from classical computers, which operate on the basis of classical mechanics.

I imagined a computer based on classical mechanics, like an abacus

The principle of superposition applies to all fields, yes. How do you think it will change the world?

Purely theoretically, this finally allows us to abandon tedious calculations using digital methods and move on to something more productive. So yes, if they actually bring the idea to fruition, the world will change, at least in the scientific field.

What about encryption? With the help of quantum computers, it will be possible to crack any modern cryptographic system.