Oprosik

Do you finish school at 21?
http://www.zakonrf.info/zoboruzhii/13/

And I understood that only hunting rifles are allowed. Everything else is only if you are a sports shooter, a police officer, or a military man.

The right to acquire smoothbore long-barreled firearms for self-defense, civilian limited-damage firearms, sports firearms, hunting firearms, signal firearms, and cold bladed weapons intended for wearing with national costumes of the peoples of the Russian Federation or Cossack uniforms, is granted to citizens of the Russian Federation who have reached the age of 18, after obtaining a license to acquire a specific type of weapon from the internal affairs authorities at their place of residence.
The age at which citizens of the Russian Federation may obtain permits for the storage or storage and carrying of hunting smoothbore firearms may be reduced by no more than two years by decision of the legislative (representative) body of state power of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation.
Gas pistols, revolvers, signal firearms, and cold bladed weapons intended for wearing with national costumes of the peoples of the Russian Federation or Cossack uniforms, citizens of the Russian Federation have the right to acquire on the basis of a license to acquire weapons, followed by registration of the weapons within two weeks with the internal affairs authorities at their place of residence. A license to acquire weapons allows for the registration of no more than five units of the specified types of weapons. The license is issued by the internal affairs authority at the place of residence of the citizen of the Russian Federation and simultaneously serves as a permit for the storage and carrying of the specified types of weapons. The validity period of the license is five years. Upon the expiration of the license, it may be extended in the manner prescribed by Article 9 of this Federal Law.