Ment
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Geology:
+ increases Mining
Terraforming (requires geology, ecology)
+ improves agriculture and ecology
- reduces the probability of natural disasters
Chemistry:
I would replace it with pharmaceuticals, or move pharmaceuticals from the first column to the second. I would add new skills there.
Composites (requires chemistry):
+ to military, aircraft, and automobiles
Artificial materials (requires chemistry, geology):
Growing crystals, diamonds, etc.
+ to production
Nuclear fusion (requires nuclear energy):
+ to military, atomic bombs can be replaced with hydrogen bombs
Controlled fusion (requires nuclear):
+ to energy, less Toxicity
For now, that's it.