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Alspis - a medieval European two-handed sword with a wedge-shaped blade, sometimes featuring two round guards, the second of which was located in the center of the hilt and served as a divider for the left and right hands.
Akinakes - a Scythian short sword.
Bane - an Indian straight sword with a narrow blade that widens into a diamond shape at the end.
Anelas - a 14th-century medieval European sword with a blade tapering to a point. Blade length 350 mm.
Batard - a 16th-century sword used among German and French riders.
Bastard sword (bastard sword, hand-and-a-half sword) - as the name suggests, this sword is something between a longsword and a two-handed sword. The hilt could be gripped with one or two hands. Used in Europe in the 14th century. Blade length 900 - 1200 mm., hilt length 180 mm., weight 2 - 3.5 kg.
Brightsax (seax) - an Old English short sword, from which the Saxons derived their name.
Bishou - a Chinese double-edged sword with a straight blade featuring a ridge on each side. The pommel is shaped like a spoon. Length 200 - 300 mm.
Bhelheta - an Indian straight sword with a flexible narrow blade and a guard in the shape of an inverted bowl.
Broadsword - a European wide sword.
Single-edged blade of slight curvature. Usually worn tucked into the belt paired with a katana.
Wakizashi - a short Japanese belt sword with a tsuba (small usually round guard).
Came into use in the 16th century. Total length 500 - 800 mm.
Wudao - a reduced analog of the zhanmadao.
Used by Chinese units of Manchurian troops.
Total length 1030 - 1130 mm., blade length 780 - 860 mm.
Gombai-no-tachi - a Japanese imperial ceremonial sword.
Jutte (jutte, jitte) - a Japanese cold weapon used by ninja, with a blade in the form of a cylindrical or polygonal rod without an edge.
Hilt with a round pommel and a half-guard bent toward the blade, which serves as a trap for the opponent's weapon. Total length 300 - 600 mm.
Gladius - an ancient Roman short sword. Total length 600 mm., hilt length 150 mm.
Dashna - a Khevsureti single-edged sword.
Daito-seto - paired Japanese cold weapons consisting of a long (katana) and short (wakizashi) sword, worn together tucked into the belt.
Ensyakubo - a Japanese short combat sword.
Jutte (jutte, jitte) - a Japanese cold weapon used by ninja, with a blade in the form of a cylindrical or polygonal rod without an edge.
Hilt with a round pommel and a half-guard bent toward the blade, which serves as a trap for the opponent's weapon. Total length 300 - 600 mm.
Ensyakubo - a Japanese short combat sword.
Kampilan - a Malay and Filipino sword with a long straight blade that widens toward the point and has a complex curve, featuring a crossguard and a short hilt.
Karatachi - an intricately inlaid 8th-century Japanese sword. An analog of the Chinese sword from the Tang dynasty.
Karta (Scythian sword) - a large Scythian iron sword, which is an enlarged copy of the akinakes.
Katana (samurai sword) - a Japanese sword usually with a round tsuba and a single-edged blade of slight curvature. Generally worn tucked into the belt paired with a wakizashi. Came into use in the 16th century. Total length 1000 - 1100 mm.
Kiento (Japanese for "leader's sword") - a sword with a straight or wavy double-edged blade up to 60 mm wide, with an arrow-shaped thickening at the end, a horseshoe-shaped guard, and an elongated hilt. Total length 1050 - 1350 mm.
Klewang - a Filipino and Malaysian curved sword shaped like a fish, with the center of gravity shifted toward the end of the blade. The klewang is an analog of the shoudao.
Ko-katana - a variant of the short katana.
Kom (Korean for "sword") - a Korean sword with a blade up to 800 mm long and a hilt one and a half fists long. Sometimes used as paired weapons with a pag.
Krabi - a Thai sword copying the samurai style but more curved; the blade sometimes widens toward the point, the guard is absent or rudimentary, and there is a pommel on the hilt. Hilt length 250 mm., blade 500 mm.
Xiphos - an ancient Greek sword.
Khanda (kunda) - an Indian straight double-edged sword with a wide blade.
Khora - a Nepalese national sword with a ring guard and a blade that widens toward the point. Total length 600 - 650 mm.
Ken (hoju) - a Japanese sword of no specific size with a straight double-edged blade pointed at the end. The ken is primarily a cult weapon of esoteric Buddhism, but was also used as a combat weapon.
Longsword (long sword) - a variant of the European sword.
Lunquan (Chinese for "dragon's source") - a type of jian of great weight and complex craftsmanship. It served as a symbol of the ruler.
Lyung chuan dan dao - a Chinese single-edged falchion with a wide thin blade of slight curvature, featuring a round counterweight to which a bundle of ribbons was attached. The blade can bend 90 degrees toward the side. Blade length from 635 to 760 mm.
Lyung chuan - a Chinese double-edged sword tapering to a point with a round pommel on the hilt.
Mahaira - a wide sword with an inner edge. It was common in the Middle East.
Anglo-Scottish sword - a two-handed knightly sword with a simple guard consisting of two bars turned at a 45-degree angle to the blade.
Bordeaux sword - a European short sword with a ridge and a long hilt.
German-Swiss sword - a two-handed knightly sword with an advanced guard; the part of the blade closest to the hilt (300 mm) is unsharpened and decorated with ear-like protrusions.
Civilian sword - a light short sword used by peasants and townspeople in 14th-century Italy and Spain.
Two-handed sword - a sword with a hilt designed for use with two hands.
Iberian sword - a sword common in Iberia from the 12th to 7th centuries BC, a modification of the Late Hittite Syrian sword. An Iberian sword also refers to a Spanish sword with a straight double-edged blade about 750 mm long, featuring a ridge on each side.
Carolingian sword - a European sword of the 6th-10th centuries from the French Carolingian dynasty, with a straight double-edged (less commonly single-edged) blade and an edge beveled to one side. Length 800 - 900 mm., width 50 - 60 mm.
Landsknecht sword - a European short sword with a blade length of 500 - 540 mm, featuring an S-shaped guard and a short hilt.
Hunting sword (deer or boar sword) - a sword intended for hunting.
Flaming sword (flamberge) - a European two-handed sword with a blade featuring wavy edges.
Late Hittite-Syrian sword - the prototype of Urartian and Iberian swords.
Belt sword - a sword traditionally attached to the belt, usually not exceeding 850 mm in length.
Russian sword - a sword similar to the Scandinavian one but lighter and longer.
Sarmatian sword - a sword that became widespread among Sarmatian tribes.
Saddle sword - usually a two-handed sword attached to the left side of the saddle bow.
Sindo-Meot sword - a sword 600 to 800 mm long with a blade width from 35 to 80 mm, common in the Kuban region among the Sindo-Meots in the 5th-4th centuries BC.
Scandinavian (Norman) sword - a North European heavy sword with a massive counterweight.
Folding sword - a type of Chinese sword with a telescopically folding blade. Worn on the belt in scabbards equal in size to the hilt. Total length of the sword 800 mm.
Urartian sword - a sword used in the state of Urartu in the 8th-7th centuries BC, a modification of the Late Hittite-Syrian sword.
Aegean sword - a sword that appeared on Crete and in Mycenaean Greece in the 17th-16th centuries BC. It was widespread in eastern regions.
Saw-sword - a 16th-century Venetian naval sailor's sword with a blade tapering to a point, one edge of which has a saw-tooth grind. Blade length up to 450 mm.
Meijiedao - a Chinese narrow sword.
Ninja-to - a sword used by Japanese ninja. The blade is straight and single-edged with a tip beveled toward the edge, 500-600 mm long, 25 mm wide, and 5 mm thick. The hilt is hollow and two-handed, 300 mm long, with a removable round pommel containing a needle. The needle, often poisoned, is hidden inside the hilt cavity when the sword is assembled. The cavity is also used to store various powdered substances. The guard is square with a side of 80 mm. The koshirae has a slot for a knife at the top, and the tip has a slot for a dagger and a mount for the sword. The sword is worn on the back. In some cases, the ninja-to is attached to the koshirae such that the koshirae functions as the hilt and the sword as the blade. This connection turns the ninja-to into a weapon similar to a naginata.
Nodachi (nodachi, Japanese for "field sword") - a Japanese sword with a blade over 1000 mm, worn on the shoulder.
Pamdao - a Nepalese wide sword with a double-curved blade.
Parazinium - a short belt sword of Roman generals.
Parazonium - an ancient short sword.
Parang - an Indonesian curved sword with the center of gravity shifted toward the end of the blade.
* Parang beddak, parang ginah, parang jendok, parang latok - varieties of parang.
Pata (puddha) - an Indian straight sword with a hilt positioned perpendicular to the blade and hidden by a leather gauntlet covering the arm up to the elbow.
Seto (Japanese for "small sword") - a Japanese small sword that is part of the daisho. Total length 500 - 700 mm., blade length 330 - 660 mm., hilt length one and a half fists, blade width about 30 mm, ricasso width 5 mm.
Ryoto - a Japanese term denoting paired swords.
Pogom - a Korean short sword.
Ritterschwert - a European heavy knightly sword.
Slasher (hard sword) - a two-handed sword of English cavalry knights. Length up to 2000 mm., weight up to 8000 g.
Schiavona - a sword of the Dalmatian Slavs, used among mercenaries in the Venetian infantry and other European armies.
Spadone (espadon, zweihander) - a Swiss, less commonly German, two-handed sword reaching human height; used from the 16th to 17th centuries.
Smallsword (small sword) - a small European sword.
Spatha - a double-edged long sword common among Germans in the 5th century. Total length 750 - 800 mm., width 40 - 50 mm.; some believe that the spatha and spata are the same type of sword;
Spata - an ancient Roman long straight sword 750 - 800 mm long and 40 - 50 mm wide.
Ssansudo (changom, chhando) - a Korean long sword. Blade length 1400 - 1570 mm., hilt length about 400 mm. Total weight 2000 - 5600 g.
Sundang - a Malay sword with a wide double-edged blade. Total length 600 mm.
Ta-tao - a Chinese curved sword with the center of gravity shifted toward the end of the blade.
Tai-chi - a Chinese double-edged sword whose blade tapers to a point and has a ridge on each side. Hilt with a round pommel and a bundle of ribbons.
Tando (edo, Korean for "sword of the brave") - a Korean short sword. Total length 1300 - 1400 mm., hilt length 300 mm.
Tanto - a samurai small sword used before the spread of the katana.
Tachi - a sword common in Japan from the 10th to 17th centuries, with a single-edged blade of slight curvature over 600 mm long. It was made through repeated forging, giving it a texture similar to wood. It has a round tsuba. The tachi was usually worn edge down paired with a kosigatana. Used before the appearance of the katana.
Tendrik - a Javanese sword with a blade tapering to a point.
Tye - a sword of Japanese ninja. It is a combined weapon, featuring a hilt with a spear-like tip instead of a pommel, as well as a sharpened guard that can function as an axe or brass knuckles. The blade is double-edged and has a pointed spike in the upper third. Total length 900 - 1000 mm., weight 1100 g.
Urumi - an Indian very thin and flexible sword.
Falcata (falchata) - a wide sword of Spanish Celts.
Falchion (lansquetta) - a European short wide single-edged knightly sword of the 16th-17th centuries. Sometimes the falchion was attached to a shaft 450 - 600 mm long.
Flissa - an Algerian single-edged sword.
Khanda - a Rajput national sword.
Hyogogus ri-no-t ti (ootachi) - a Japanese sword with a single-edged blade of slight curvature and a mandatory kusari. Total length 1800 mm., blade length 1000 mm.
Hirazukuri - a Japanese straight esoteric sword.
Huan - a Chinese long triangular sword with a meter-long hilt in the form of a spear shaft.
Hushoudalyandao - a large Chinese sword.
Jian (Chinese for "sword", qian) - a Chinese bronze or iron sword of hexagonal or diamond shape. Originated during the Chunqiu period.
* Zuiujian (Chinese for "drunkard's sword"), chang sui jian, duan sui jian, shuanjian, shuanshoujian, taijinjian - varieties of jian.
Jianbian - a Chinese straight sword combined with a combat whip.
Jiangou (yjiangou) - a Chinese combat hook combined with a sword.
Qinlundao (guanwandao) - a massive Chinese sword whose blade is supplemented by protrusions and ears. Sometimes attached to a meter-long shaft.
Tsurugi - an ancient Japanese sword with a straight double-edged blade and a two-handed hilt.
Chen - a Chinese straight double-edged sword featuring one fuller on each side and a round pommel on the hilt.
Zhanmadao (Chinese for "horse-cutting sword" or "sword for cutting from horseback") - a Chinese two-handed sword made similarly to the samurai style. Ribbons are sometimes attached to the hilt. Total length 1450 mm., blade length 1100 - 1150 mm.
Chien - a Chinese straight double-edged sword with a blade tapering to a point and featuring ridges on each side.
Chhomendo - a sword shaped like an elongated shoudao. Blade with one-and-a-half sharpening, 35 mm wide, without a distinct ricasso. Blade length 750 - 850 mm., hilt length 3.5 fist sizes.
Szczerbiec - the sword used during the coronation of Polish kings.
Estoc - a European sword of the 13th-14th centuries with a blade that is square, diamond, or hexagonal in cross-section, designed for thrusting. Blade length 1120 - 1150 mm., hilt length 330 - 340 mm., guard width 250 - 270 mm.
Yatagan - a cutting cold weapon with a curved single-edged blade of inner sharpening. Mainly used in Turkey and the territory of the Ottoman Empire.