Posts from Near and far space, infinity. Facts and our dreams, and its great mysteries.

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Let's start by discussing something that humans may not fully understand.
For example, let's talk about "Orion Constellation."
This topic is all about space: facts, our dreams, and our experiences.

Orion Constellation



IC 434 Nebula - Horsehead Nebula

The famous dark nebula, "Horsehead" (official designation Barnard 33), was first discovered over a hundred years ago – in 1888 on a photographic plate obtained at the Harvard University Observatory (USA). Its remarkably expressive shape has made it one of the most famous astronomical objects.

The bright pink glow of the hydrogen cloud, against which the dark outlines of the Horsehead Nebula stand out, is caused by the ultraviolet radiation of Sigma Orionis, a young, bright O-type star. A map of the polarization of the cloud's glow indicates that Sigma Orionis is the only source of hot radiation illuminating this area (the bright star Zeta Orionis, located nearby, is closer to us than the cloud and is therefore not related to it). The presence of a single powerful source of radiation makes the Horsehead Nebula an excellent, unique laboratory for testing existing models of photodissociation processes, which describe the interaction of gas and dust immersed in a "sea" of ultraviolet quanta.


IC 434 or the Horsehead Nebula in the Orion Constellation



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M42 Nebula (NGC 1976) - Great Orion Nebula

Below Orion's Belt, you can find the bright gas and dust nebula M42 (NGC 1976) - the Great Orion Nebula, with an integrated magnitude of 4.0m. With the naked eye, the nebula appears as an inconspicuous small spot, resembling a comet. In a telescope, however, the nebula appears in all its glory. In the center of the nebula, you can see four hot stars - the Orion Trapezium. Around the Orion Trapezium is an area of active star formation, which consists of an extremely dense young star cluster and T Tauri-type variables. Nearby are dense molecular clouds, which are the closest giant molecular clouds to the Sun: Orion A and Orion B, located 400-500 pc away.

The nebula is located at a distance of 1500 light-years from Earth, and the reddish color in the photograph is explained by the strong glow at the wavelength of hydrogen, which makes up the main mass of the gas in the Great Orion Nebula.



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M43 (NGC 1982) - De Mairan Nebula in the Orion Constellation

M43 is a diffuse nebula (NGC 1982) that reflects and scatters light. It is now considered part of the Orion Nebula, being separated from M42 by a strip of dark dust. It was first described by de Mairan in 1733 and was long known by his name.

The stars NU Orionis (HD 37061), with a magnitude of 6.5m-7.6m and a spectral class of B4, are immersed in M43. Most likely, M43 glows due to these stars, which formed in this part of the Orion Nebula. The nebula shines with reflected light, as the energy of the radiation from nearby stars is not enough to cause emission radiation. In addition to the usual gases for nebulae (hydrogen and helium), the M43 nebula contains oxygen and even some molecular compounds, including organic ones.


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Flame Nebula (NGC 2024) in the Orion Constellation


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Large Magellanic Cloud



Large Magellanic Cloud

In long-exposure images, the LMC begins to resemble a spiral galaxy with a bar. The Large Magellanic Cloud is located at a distance of only 180 thousand light-years in the constellation Dorado, and its size is about 15 thousand light-years. SN1987A, the brightest and closest of all supernovae of our time, erupted in the LMC.

Together with the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), the LMC can be seen from the southern hemisphere with the naked eye.

Source - astronet.ru
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Supernova Outburst Threatens Earth with Powerful Gamma-Ray Burst

Astronomer Peter Tuthill from the University of Sydney has discovered that a supernova may erupt in the relatively near future in the binary system WR 104, which will lead to a powerful gamma-ray burst directed straight at Earth, Fox News reports, citing an article in The Astrophysical Journal.

WR 104 is located only eight thousand light-years from Earth (approximately towards the center of the Galaxy). One of the stars in it belongs to the Wolf-Rayet class (in particular, it has a very high temperature and luminosity) and, according to Tuthill's data, is likely nearing the end of its life. At the end of the life of such a star, a supernova eruption occurs.

A Wolf-Rayet supernova eruption could destroy life on Earth



During a supernova eruption of this type, the core of the star collapses into a black hole, and the shell is ejected into space. The complex interaction of fields and matter around the hole often leads to the formation of a gamma-ray burst: the release of two beams of very high energy directed in opposite directions into space. Such bursts have been observed repeatedly.

Being directly in the path of a beam generated at such a small distance is dangerous for life on Earth: gamma rays can, for example, destroy the ozone layer that protects us, and subatomic particles will create potentially dangerous cascades of particles in the atmosphere. Tuthill's calculations show that such a probability exists. However, it is unclear how high it is, especially since there may still be hundreds of thousands of years before the supernova explosion.

Source - internet
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So, what do you think? When will we fly to Mars?

Galaxy Classification.

Yes, what do you think? When will we fly to *Mars*?

50, 100 years?
In any case, it will happen (unless humanity destroys itself). How can I be so sure? Look, "trendy guys" built the LHC, what's stopping them from building a colony on Mars in 100 years?

Jupiter.
Jupiter consists primarily of hydrogen and helium. It most likely has a rocky core made of heavier elements under high pressure at its center. Due to its rapid rotation, Jupiter has a flattened spheroid shape (it has a significant bulge around the equator). The planet's outer atmosphere is clearly divided into several elongated bands along the latitudes, which leads to storms and squalls along their interacting boundaries. A notable result of this is the Great Red Spot, a giant storm that has been known since the 17th century. According to data from the Galileo probe, pressure and temperature increase rapidly as you descend into the atmosphere. Jupiter has a powerful magnetosphere.

Jupiter's satellite system consists of at least 63 moons, including 4 large moons, also called the "Galilean" moons, which were discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610. Jupiter's moon Ganymede has a diameter larger than that of Mercury. A global ocean has been discovered beneath the surface of Europa, and Io is known for having the most powerful volcanoes in the solar system. Jupiter has faint planetary rings.

Jupiter has been studied by eight NASA automatic interplanetary stations. The most important studies were conducted using the Pioneer and Voyager spacecraft, and later Galileo. The last spacecraft to visit Jupiter was the New Horizons probe, which is heading to Pluto.

Aphelion: 816,520,800 km
Perihelion: 740,573,600 km
Semi-major axis: 778,547,200 km
Orbital eccentricity: 0.048775
Orbital period: 4,331.572 days
Synodic period: 398.88 days
Orbital velocity: 13.07 km/s (average)
Inclination: 0.06487 ± 0.00015 (relative to the solar equator)
Longitude of the ascending node: 100.492°
Argument of pericenter: 275.066°
Number of satellites: 63

My favorite planet in the solar system (:

In general, when I was younger, I was very interested in all of this :)

The Veil Nebula is a diffuse nebula in the constellation Cygnus, a vast and relatively faint supernova remnant. The star exploded approximately 5,000–8,000 years ago, and during that time, the nebula has covered an area of 3 degrees in the sky. Its distance is estimated at 1,400 light-years. This nebula was discovered on September 5, 1784, by William Herschel.

P.S. The photo is beautiful :)

What can I say? Even with our current spacecraft (shuttles or whatever they're called), it would take 150,000 years to reach the nearest star, not counting our sun. Let's say our sun goes out. Humanity would only find out about it 8 minutes later. That is, the last rays of sunlight would reach Earth only after 8 minutes. Everyone knows what the speed of light is and how instantaneous and fast it is... 8 minutes is a very "long" time. Humanity sent a space probe with greetings in various languages of our Earth, also indicating our location in our galaxy. It was sent, I don't remember exactly when, sometime in the 70s, and by now it has reached the edge of our solar system. Let's say the nearest star to us, not counting the sun, is 150,000 years away, and let's say there is life on one of the planets there. What will happen to us in that time when this module reaches them? In just the 20th century, humanity caused colossal damage to the environment, and this continues to this day. If humanity survives until at least 2200 without any cataclysms or world wars, which could lead to partial or complete destruction of life on Earth, intelligent life, humanity can no longer do without conveniences. The resources of our planet are dwindling, and it will take a very long time to restore everything, especially without our current civilizations.