Within 40 turns, the enemies will capture all the garrisons.
Perhaps, in 1.41, you can also take Ents from the garrison. I haven't tried. Only in 1.5 did they join the army on their own. I didn't even notice them right away.
No, not taking them from the garrison, but rather they join on their own. I didn't notice them right away either. Moreover, they join after recapturing each of the garrisons captured by the enemy.