Winter of my life

Let's play another simple game.

1. In the south, it shares a border with a country whose inhabitants believe they originated from it – according to the Classification of the Ministry of Magic, it corresponds to category "A," while it corresponds to category "D." Go to the province named after a king.
2. The first clue is reflected in the title of this band's song. Go to a modern state, on whose territory is located the historical homeland of the mathematician whose name is also the title of another song. In the traditional cuisine of this country, find a dish with a hellish name.
3. The second word of the second clue appears in the title and lyrics of this operetta. Another of its characters is named after this ancient ruler, who burned the one that was founded during the reign of the one whose name is derived from "polemos" – "war," and whose surname sounds like one of the popular uramaki. The one you need was its second guardian and said, "in large rivers, the water is murky" about him. Where his whistle sounds, find a unique...
4. Within the unique item, you will see an ancient Greek hero. The death of this son of the hero was caused by a cow.