You must be reading the discussion carelessly. We were talking about the political and economic interaction between different regions.
You believe that different scientists, based on the same facts, will draw different conclusions. This is fundamentally wrong, but to understand this, you need to master the methodology of history. Of course, my examples cannot replace a university course, but I think that most of those who read this will understand how a historian works. First, scientists collect facts: archaeological, astronomical, geological, and many other facts. Then they put them together into a general picture, where all the facts do not contradict each other, but complement each other. Moreover, this happens under the close scrutiny of critically minded colleagues.
The settlement and consolidation of humanity are strictly determined by geography and the terrain, so military conflicts also occur not just anywhere, but in zones of contact between the habitats of different tribes.
Happy birthday, Wic, I wish you all the best, and most importantly, good health. :)