"Новичок-2012. Winter"

What is the Knight title, if it's not a secret, and what are the criteria for receiving it?

On the Portal, certain merits (winning a Tournament, for example) grant fiefdoms in the lands of various versions of Heroes, and titles are awarded based on the number of fiefdoms.
If there is no fiefdom, then you are a landless knight; 1-2 – knight; 3-4 – baron (Javdet, for example); 5-7 – count (I discovered today that I am a count :D ); 8-10 – marquis, etc., up to king (Deep Mike is a king).
I still haven’t grasped the deeper meaning; the rules mention duels based on the number of fiefdoms; maybe they do happen...

About the rating

And what is the system created for, if it's not a secret? For statistics? If so, where can I see it?

You can view the ranking according to the seasonal reports as of January 8 here.
The player statistics are also available there.

apparently, for the ranking :) although, it's not entirely clear why it's needed, other than for the same statistics)

Previously, we didn't have any Tournaments besides the season one; in fact, we only played there. There are many topics on the forum dedicated to this issue; search and read them...
There are rewards at the end of the season, which adds competitive interest. This is similar to the fiefdoms on the Portal.

it would be great to have a special window with special fields for entering all the parameters of the report. And so that everyone could look at the statistics of others.

I really hope that will happen by summer. Only the person who created this website and forum, i.e., the Creator, can integrate the rating calculation system with the forum. According to my information, he intends to resume this work.